Response of tumors to biologic modifiers and chemotherapeutic agents.

The use of the FANFT model has facilitated clinical trials which are now beginning to have an impact on the therapy of human bladder tumors. We studied C. parvum and Glucan immunotherapy of FANFT tumors, and demonstrated the enhancement of tumor growth following Glucan administration. Weekly injections of cyclophosphamide (CY) retarded tumor growth and increased survival. Combining C. parvum or Glucan with CY resulted in greater tumor growth inhibition than CY alone. Our data support the concept that the therapeutic effectiveness of CY can be improved by biologic modifiers that alter its rate of activation.